<div style='margin-bottom: 20px;'> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a common method to assess dietary intake in nutritional studies?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Food frequency questionnaires are commonly used to collect information on people's dietary intake.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a major challenge in using food diaries for dietary assessment?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">People tend to change their food consumption when they have to write everything down, making it less accurate.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary focus of nutritional science as introduced in the module?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The primary focus is on the scientific research behind diet's impact on health and disease.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What major challenge do both cohort and experimental studies face in accurately assessing dietary intake?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The reliance on self-reported dietary assessments, which can be prone to inaccuracies.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Why is blinding particularly challenging in dietary intervention studies?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Because it's not always possible to conceal which diet participants are following, especially when comparing distinct dietary patterns.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">How do researchers attempt to mitigate biases in case-control studies?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">By selecting control groups from similar backgrounds as cases and adjusting for confounding factors using statistical methods.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Why do experimental studies have an advantage in establishing causality over observational studies?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Because they eliminate confounding variables through random assignment and can directly measure the effect of interventions.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary purpose of cohort studies in nutritional science?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">To study the relationship between dietary habits and the development of diseases over time.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">How do experimental studies in nutritional science differ from observational studies?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Experimental studies actively intervene and observe the effects, while observational studies analyze outcomes without intervention.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a significant limitation of cross-sectional studies in establishing causality?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The difficulty in determining the direction of the relationship due to the issue of reverse causality.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Why are case-control studies particularly suitable for studying rare diseases?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">They require fewer resources compared to other study designs and can focus on specific diseases by comparing affected individuals to controls.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">How do cohort studies attempt to mitigate the issue of confounding factors?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Through statistical methods to partially or mostly remove the effects of confounders.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Why can't ecological studies' findings automatically apply to individual behaviors or health outcomes?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Because of the potential for ecological fallacy, where associations at the population level may not hold true for individuals.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What ethical considerations must be taken into account in experimental dietary studies?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The need for institutional review board approval to ensure interventions do not harm participants and careful oversight for studies that might cause weight gain or other risks.</p> </div> </div>